It is a very important topic that has a lot of impact on pregnancy, that is obesity which we also call obesity. You must be aware that its importance is becoming very high in the world,
It is very high in developed countries and even in our underdeveloped countries, its incidence is increasing because here also we adopt the same lifestyle. They are eating junk food and do not work and we have a sedentary lifestyle.
Obesity can cause complications even in a non-pregnant patient, such as heart problems, diabetes, and hypertension.
Obesity can have side effects during pregnancy as it causes complications in non-pregnant women. Similarly, it also causes complications in pregnancy. This means that the mother may have complications and the child may also have complications.
First of all, if there is a woman who is overweight. If she wants to conceive, then there is a problem in conceiving.
What Is The Reason For This?
Obesity in conception usually interferes with ovulation. Ovulation does not happen properly due to which there is a problem in conceiving.
There is a hormonal imbalance in it. Due to this ovulation is the effect, so if a patient wants to conceive and her weight is high then first of all we should advise her to reduce her weight and bring her BMI into normal range only by losing weight. They conceive and they do not even need any medicine. If the patient has conceived then another problem may arise that the risk of miscarriage increases.
What happens in obesity is that all the organs in the body. They are affected, it is a metabolic disease, so when there is an inflammation inside the body, then the inflammation affects every organ and even if the pregnancy, placenta, and baby affect everyone, then the risk of miscarriage increases.
Off-congenital genital enlargement also increases in such patients, if conception has occurred and the pregnancy is going on normally
What Other Issues Can Happen In The Future?
The risk of diabetes in the mother increases in that woman who Normally, was not diabetic before pregnancy, but now during pregnancy, the risk of developing diabetes increases, even if she is pregnant, because whatever is extra on the body, you can call it a burden.
What Does Obesity Do?
Obesity increases insulin resistance and Pregnancy is also a condition in which insulin resistance increases. Why does it increase because the hormones that are produced in pregnancy are progesterone and some other hormones like glucagon etc.,
These increase the risk of insulin resistance, when insulin resistance increases, the risk of pregnancy increases. Because of this, it is already higher due to obesity.
The risk of gestational diabetes in such patients increases, the risk of diabetes which starts only during pregnancy increases and as you know diabetes is such a dangerous disease. Which is dangerous if it occurs even in a non-pregnant person. If it occurs in a pregnant woman too, then along with dangerous diabetes
The risk of blood pressure also increases and if the blood pressure is high during pregnancy, we call it PIH.
Aleshia can also occur in such patients who are obese and hypertension has developed. And then he has ultimately developed Malaysia.
Another important thing that can develop in obesity is DVT. DVT is such a fundamental type of disease or condition.
What happens in it is that DVT means deep vein through which the deep vein of our body.
There is a vein, the flow of blood becomes slow and during pregnancy, it is in a hypercoagulable state, that is, the mechanism of clotting increases a little in the normal body, this is from nature.
This is done so that there is not much bleeding at the time of delivery and the blood clots quickly, but the disadvantage is that since the clotting of normal blood increases, clots start forming, and the risk of DVT increases. DVT can cause many complications and if the clot formed comes out of the vein and goes into the lungs, it can cause pulmonary edema, which can also prove fatal. These were the main complications that the mother
What Can Happen to the Child?
If there is a mother who is overweight, then it is usually seen that the size of her child also increases, which we commonly call macrosomia.
The Size Of The Child Is If It Is Big Then What Can Be Its Complication?
It may face problems in adjusting in the uterus, due to which the normal condition of the child is in which his head is down. This effect can happen. His head cannot be down and his buttocks. They will be below, there could be breech presentation or leakage or there could be any other position which would not be favorable.
Another thing for normal delivery is if the size of a baby is much bigger than normal then when the time of delivery comes it becomes difficult for the child to pass through the mother's bone.
The mother's bone is small as per the size of the child, due to which it cannot pass through it. Sometimes it happens that There is laughing due to which obstructed labor can occur or the contraction of the uterus is not so good due to which dysfunctional labor can occur.
All these conditions increase the risk of operative delivery i.e. risk of cesarean section in such patients.
Most people do not want to have a risky normal delivery in which there can be complications for the child as well as the mother, so they go towards a straight-away cesarean which is safe for the mother as well as the child.
Most of our women are such that they do not get the delivery done in hospitals, they get it done at home. Those who get the delivery done in the village are usually our midwives who manage them.
What Happens In Such A Situation That If They Do Not Want To Deliver The Child Normally?
The baby's head gets delivered in many conditions but its shoulders get stuck because the shoulders and the body are big and they cannot pass through the mother's bone.
This is what we call shoulder dystocia and if we pull. Even if the baby in the ear is taken out, the mother can also get injured, and the baby can also get injured, the baby's clavicle and these bones, etc., the neck bone in the arm can also break, this problem can happen if the delivery takes place, mother. If the mother is fine and the child is also fine, then another important problem that can arise after delivery is post-partum hemorrhage i.e. excessive bleeding after delivery.
Why Does It Happen When The Uterus Gets Distended To A Very Large Size?
Because if the baby is large, then the uterus gets overstretched. Due to being overstretched, its ability to communicate is lost, when the baby is delivered.
Sometimes the placenta has to be delivered. And if the size of the placenta also increases then all these conditions together make obesity and pregnancy a high-risk condition.